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jueves, febrero 21, 2008

=?iso-8859-1?Q?[Posible SPAM]=20?= Alemania, socio destacado en la apertura económica de Fidel

Alemania, socio destacado en la apertura económica de Fidel

Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Promoción turística de Cuba en Leipzig.

Desde que se firmó la Ley de Inversiones Extranjeras en Cuba, en 1995, han llegado a la isla millonarias inversiones europeas. Alemania participa desde hace años en este proceso que avanza pese al embargo comercial.

Así como la transición política en Cuba se ha producido de manera gradual, el sistema socialista ha abierto desde hace más de una década sus puertas a cuantiosas inversiones extranjeras, principalmente europeas, a las cuales el embargo comercial decretado por Estados Unidos no les ha impedido sentar sus reales en la isla.Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: La infraestructura cubana, en la mira de inversionistas alemanes.

El primer antecedente de esta apertura data de 1995, cuando se firmó la Ley de Inversiones Extranjeras en Cuba. Desde entonces, el socio comercial que más destaca en este sentido es España, y el rubro más sobresaliente es el turismo.

Una cadena, 24 hoteles

La cadena Sol Meliá, por mencionar un ejemplo, tiene 24 hoteles en diversos puntos de Cuba. Tan sólo en Varadero son ocho los establecimientos con los que cuenta el consorcio turístico.

La ofensiva inversionista no es nueva: ya en 2001, Sol Meliá anunciaba la conformación de sociedades para desarrollar, con un capital de 40.000 millones de pesetas, nuevos complejos turísticos en zonas no explotadas de Cuba. Es un modelo de coinversión, que involucra también al propio gobierno cubano.Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Cuba busca soluciones ecológicas para su industria.

Alemania, presente

Alemania no ha resultado inmune a la fiebre inversionista que tiene lugar en Cuba desde años antes de que se pensara siquiera en la posibilidad de que Fidel Castro renunciara al poder. Como federación, Alemania guarda un bajo perfil en la llamada "Perla del Caribe".

En parte, ello es reflejo de un enfriamiento en las relaciones diplomáticas pues, de acuerdo con el ministerio alemán de Asuntos Exteriores, "luego de que el gobierno alemán invitara también a miembros de la oposición cubana a la celebración oficial del 3 de octubre de 2003, las instituciones estatales cubanas suspendieron en gran medida el contacto oficial con embajadas y representantes de Alemania. Hasta comienzos de 2005 se volvió a conceder a los embajadores de la Unión Europea un acceso normal. El tema de los derechos humanos continúa presentando problemas en el diálogo político bilateral."Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: La apertura económica la comenzó el propio Fidel.

Intercambio caluroso

Sin embargo, el intercambio comercial recuerda más bien al exuberante calor isleño: las exportaciones de productos alemanes a Cuba crecieron 150 por ciento en 2005. Alemania es ya el quinto socio comercial de Cuba, con un volumen cercano a los 300 millones de euros anuales.

Estados federados como Baviera y Mecklemburgo-Pomerania Occidental han establecido sus propios contactos con el gobierno cubano. "Cuba tiene un enorme interés en las relaciones comerciales con Mecklemburgo", afirmó el funcionario Jürgen Seild luego de regresar de un viaje a la isla, en 2007. El estado federado alemán pretende exportar productos lácteos al prometedor mercado cubano.Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: La imagen del Che, parte de la "marca Cuba".

En cuanto a Baviera, ya se tiene firmados desde el año pasado contratos a mediano y largo plazo por un valor de entre 600 y 700 millones de euros. Inversionistas bávaros tienen en la mira la necesidad de reconstruir la deteriorada infraestructura en la isla, incluidos los centros de salud y las plantas industriales.Bildunterschrift: Großansicht des Bildes mit der Bildunterschrift: Turismo, mina de oro para la isla.

Otro sector de importancia es el desarrollo de las tecnologías en beneficio del medio ambiente. Especialistas como el alemán Edgar Göll señalan que, más allá de los clichés, Cuba mantiene una búsqueda "sorprendentemente diversa" de políticas y mecanismos que la ayuden a preservar la sustentabilidad medioambiental. Aquí sin duda también hay un nicho que las empresas alemanas ven con interés especial.

Los cambios en la cúpula gubernamental abren la posibilidad de mayores inversiones extranjeras en Cuba. Pero el cambio principal lo comenzó el propio Fidel, hace mucho tiempo ya.

Enrique López Magalló

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Rodrigo González Fernández
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miércoles, febrero 20, 2008

esión Ordinaria del Consejo Permanente de la OEA

esión Ordinaria del Consejo Permanente de la OEA
Regular Meeting of the OAS Permanent Council

Fecha: 20 de febrero, 2008
Lugar: Washington, DC
Fotos: Juan Manuel Herrera - OAS/OEA
Website OEA: http://www.oas.org

Photo Gallery - Main Page

La biblioteca de fotografías de la OEA cuenta con una colección de aproximadamente 50.000 fotos. Estas son una crónica de la historia de la Organización y su trabajo, incluyendo las reuniones y eventos a partir de mediados de los años 40. En esta página Web de Fotos de la OEA podrá encontrar una selección limitada de imágenes. Para más información en el uso de las Fotos de la OEA, órden y costo por copias y diapositivas así como los horarios de atención sírvase contactar a oasweb@oas.org o directamente escribir a los responsables del archivo JHerrera@oas.org / PLeiva@oas.org		The OAS Photo Library holds a collection of approximately 50,000 photographs dating back to the mid-1940s that chronicles the history of the Organization and its work, including OAS meetings and events. This OAS Photo web site contains a limited selection of the images. You can have further information on the use of OAS Photos, cost for ordering prints and slides, the Photo Library's address and working hours sending an e-mail to oasweb@oas.org You may also write the Photo Librarian directly by email: JHerrera@oas.org / PLeiva@oas.or

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After Wins, Obama Is Focus of McCain and Clinton

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By JOHN SULLIVAN

Published: February 20, 2008

The Democratic contenders on Wednesday both focused their campaigns on Texas, which has emerged as a critical race for the campaign of Senator Hillary Rodham Clinton.

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With Senator Barack Obama having won primaries in Wisconsin and Hawaii on Tuesday by broad margins across nearly every voter group, Mrs. Clinton has now lost 10 contests in a row since splitting votes and delegates with him on Super Tuesday, Feb. 5. Mrs. Clinton's aides have calculated that she must win the party's next two major contests, in Texas and Ohio, on March 4.

Senator John McCain, all but assured of the Republican nomination, is in Ohio on Wednesday. Mr. McCain has turned his attention to Mr. Obama, calling on him to pledge to abide by the limits of public financing for the campaign.

Mrs. Clinton also focused on Mr. Obama as she went on the offensive early Wednesday in a speech at Hunter College in Manhattan, arguing that her rival has substituted rhetoric for practical experience.

"It is time to get real," Mrs. Clinton, of New York, said. "To get real about how we actually win this election and get real about the challenges facing America. It's time we moved from good words to good works, from sound bites to sound solutions."

It is a familiar theme, but Mrs. Clinton delivered it with fresh intensity after the crushing defeats in Wisconsin and Hawaii on Tuesday.

Mrs. Clinton spent Wednesday morning in New York raising money before flying to Texas to campaign. Voters in Texas and Ohio, along with Rhode Island and Vermont, go to the polls in less than two weeks in contests that Democratic strategists say Mrs. Clinton must win if she is to have any hope of capturing the nomination.

Mr. Obama sought to counter Mrs. Clinton's charges at a campaign appearance on Wednesday afternoon in Dallas, saying "it is time to move beyond the politics of yesterday."

"Today, Senator Clinton told us that there was a choice in this race and you know, I couldn't agree with her more," Mr. Obama said. "But contrary to what she's been saying, it's not a choice between speeches and solutions, it's a choice between a politics that offers more of the same divisions and distractions that didn't work in South Carolina and didn't work in Wisconsin and will not work in Texas."

"Or a new politics of common sense, of common purpose, of shared sacrifice and shared prosperity," he said. "It's the choice between having a debate with John McCain about who has the most experience in Washington or having a debate about who's most likely to change Washington."

One day after victories in Wisconsin and Hawaii, Mr. Obama drew about 17,000 people to a rally at the Reunion Arena in downtown Dallas. While the primary is on March 4, early voting began on Tuesday and Mr. Obama encouraged his supporters to cast their ballots soon.

"As this movement continues, as this campaign builds strength, there are those who will tell you not to believe," Mr. Obama said. "There are those who will tell you it can't be done."

Saying he offered voters a chance to break from the policies of the past years, including the war in Iraq and the current economic situation, Mr. Obama said the race was a choice "that is not just about turning a page on the politics of the past but of turning the page on the policies of the past."

David Plouffe, the campaign manager for Mr. Obama, said that Mr. Obama had amassed a 159-delegate lead over Mrs. Clinton, based on his campaign tally. Following a win in Wisconsin by 17 percentage points, Mr. Plouffe said Mrs. Clinton would need to win in Texas and Ohio by double-digits to gain an edge in the fight for delegates.

"We have opened up a big and meaningful delegate lead," Mr. Plouffe said, speaking in a conference call with reporters. "They are going to have to win landslides to reverse it."

Reflecting Mr. Obama's lead on the Democratic side, Mr. McCain focused his criticism on him during a news conference in Columbus on Wednesday. He pounded Mr. Obama yet again for his commitment in writing a year ago to accept public funds for the general election about $85 million for each candidate — if the Republican nominee did the same. In doing so, Mr. Obama would have to surrender a phenomenal advantage in fund-raising and accept the limits of public financing.

Mr. McCain, who was the only other presidential candidate to sign on to the pledge, was responding to a column by Mr. Obama in USA Today on Wednesday in which the candidate wrote that he remained open to public financing, but that he was concerned about the spending of outside groups on behalf of candidates and that he wanted to reach a "meaningful agreement" with whoever is the Republican nominee. But he did not expect, he wrote, "that a workable, effective agreement will be reached overnight."

As conditions for such an agreement, Mr. Obama wrote that candidates "will have to commit to discouraging cheating by their supporters; to refusing fund-raising help by outside groups; and to limiting their own parties to legal forms of involvement."

Mr. Obama has broken all political fund-raising records in this election he has taken in more than $150 million so far, $36 million in January alone, and Mr. McCain's advisers have privately questioned why he would disarm himself of that advantage and not spend the prodigious amounts he has raised on his own. Mr. McCain, who raised $12 million in January, appears to be preparing for that possibility, but in the meantime is attacking Mr. Obama as someone who could not keep his word and should bear the responsibility for breaking the pledge.

If Mr. Obama or Mrs. Clinton do not accept public financing in the general election, Mr. McCain said, "I obviously would have to re-evaluate."

As the war of words continued throughout the day, Bill Burton, Mr. Obama's national campaign spokesman, e-mailed reporters with the retort that Mr. McCain, who has built a large part of his political persona around limiting the amount of money spent on campaigns, has not accepted public financing for the primaries and caucuses. On that score, neither has Mr. Obama.

Reporting was contributed by John M. Broder in New York, Elisabeth Bumiller in Columbus, Ohio, and Jeff Zeleny in Texas.

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ask of Shooting Down Satellite Begins

Task of Shooting Down Satellite Begins

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By THOM SHANKER

Published: February 20, 2008

WASHINGTON — The many moving parts of a mission to shoot down a dying spy satellite with an anti-missile interceptor lined up Wednesday after the space shuttle Atlantis returned to Earth, officials said.

Military officials were reviewing the weather in the Pacific Ocean to determine if the operation could be launched overnight on Wednesday, as rough seas west of Hawaii prompted officials to caution that the attempt to destroy the satellite, carrying 1,000 pounds of toxic rocket fuel, might be delayed.

The goal of the mission is to prevent the fuel tank from reaching Earth and spilling its hazardous contents in a populous area. In the event that any of the hydrazine fuel falls on a populated area, the Federal Emergency Management Agency on Wednesday issued directions to community first responders on how to deal with dangerous debris from the satellite.

Military officials said their goal was to carry out the mission before March 1, when the satellite is predicted to start skidding against the upper reaches of the atmosphere. That initial friction would bump the satellite into a more unpredictable orbit around the Earth, even before it starts a fiery descent through the atmosphere.

Providing new information about how the mission would be carried out, a senior military officer on Wednesday described the vessels, weapons and command structure for the unusual operation, the first time an interceptor designed for missile defense would be used to attack a satellite. The senior military officer briefed reporters on condition of anonymity.

The officer said that three Navy warships were in position in the Pacific Ocean to launch the interceptors, and that radar and other tracking equipment, both in space and on the ground, were being monitored at Vandenberg Air Force Base, in California, and at a space command headquarters in Colorado Springs.

The operation is being controlled from the Strategic Command headquarters in Omaha, Neb., with additional monitoring of information transmitted from the interceptor managed by the Pentagon's Missile Defense Agency.

Although the satellite circles the globe every 90 minutes, analysts have pinpointed a single overhead pass each day that would offer the best chance of striking it and then having half of the debris fall into the atmosphere during the very next three orbits over water or less-populated areas of the Earth.

Defense Secretary Robert M. Gates, who left Washington on Wednesday for a week of meetings in Asia, has been empowered by President Bush to issue the order to shoot down the satellite. Officials said Mr. Gates would have to weigh the opportunity of success against the many risks — including weather, technical problems and even world politics — before issuing the order.

Given rough seas on Wednesday, it was likely the mission would await at least a day. As the deadline approaches, officials said, such moderate risks as high seas might be overlooked.

The senior military officer said the mission would be launched in daylight to take advantage of radar, heat-sensor tracking and even visual tracking equipment.

When the order is given to carry out the mission, the Navy will have a window that lasts only tens of seconds as the satellite passes overhead, the senior military officer said.

An Aegis cruiser, the Lake Erie, has two Standard Missile 3 rockets on board that have been adapted to track the cold satellite, as opposed to the heated enemy warheads for which it was designed. A second Aegis ship, the Decatur, has a third missile as back-up, and another Navy vessel, the Russell, is sailing with the convoy for added tracking capabilities — what the senior military officer described as providing a "stereo picture."

Separately, a Pentagon spokesman, Bryan Whitman, dismissed suggestions that the operation was designed to test the nation's missile defense systems or antisatellite capabilities, or that the effort was to destroy sensitive intelligence equipment.

"This is about reducing the risk to human life on Earth — nothing more," Mr. Whitman said.

While officials should be able to determine within minutes of the launch whether the satellite was hit by the interceptor, which carries no explosive but strikes with destructive force, it may take a day or more to determine whether the fuel tank with 1,000 pounds of toxic Hydrazine was destroyed. Any decision to launch a second or third missile may take several days.

The 5,000-pound satellite, roughly the size of a school bus, is managed by the National Reconnaissance Office and went dead shortly after it was launched in December 2006.

FEMA on Wednesday issued an 18-page instructions document, "First Responder Guide For Space Object Re-Entry," to help local authorities deal with debris from the satellite should it fall in their areas. "The satellite that is degrading from orbit has hazardous materials on board that could pose immediate hazards to people if they come in contact with the material," the FEMA document states. "Any debris should be considered potentially hazardous, and first responders should not attempt to pick it up or move it. First responders should secure a perimeter and control access around any debris. DO NOT pick up any debris."

The document describes specific dangers posed by the hazardous material, what protective clothing is required for emergency workers in the vicinity, and how to manage populations near a site where debris falls.

LA MITAD DE LOS ESPAÑOLES YA CONSIDERA INTERNET SU FUENTE PRINCIPAL DE INFORMACIÓN

INTERNET UNA HERRAMIENTA DE PARTICIPACION CIUDADANA

LA MITAD DE LOS ESPAÑOLES YA CONSIDERA INTERNET SU FUENTE PRINCIPAL DE INFORMACIÓN

SERVIMEDIA

El acceso a blogs es la actividad que más crece entre los navegantes, según la última macroencuesta de AIMC

MADRID, 20-FEB-2008

El 49,8 por ciento de los españoles considera ya Internet su fuente "fundamental" de información y otro 43,8 por ciento su fuente "secundaria pero importante", según la última encuesta anual "Navegantes en la Red", presentada hoy por la Asociación para la Investigación de Medios de Comunicación (AIMC).

El sondeo, realizado a partir de 41.000 entrevistas a ciudadanos mayores de 14 años, pone de relieve que Internet se consolida en España "sobre todo como fuente de información", en palabras del director técnico de AIMC, Fernando Santiago.

La lectura de noticias de actualidad en Internet es la segunda actividad preferida de los navegantes españoles, por detrás del empleo de buscadores como Google, ya que la practica el 86,9% de los internautas.

Al paulatino crecimiento que se viene experimentando en los últimos años de lectura de prensa electrónica, aparecen nuevos comportamientos como la visión de televisión en el ordenador a través de programas coma Zattoo, que ya aseguran que ha hecho alguna vez un tercio de los ciudadanos.

La pequeña pantalla ha estado tradicionalmente considerada hasta ahora como el medio de comunicación favorito de los españoles con mucha diferencia, pero los tiempos parecen estar cambiando a la vista de las respuestas recogidas en este sondeo.

A la pregunta de "¿Cuál de los siguientes medios de comunicación echaría más de menos en caso de que desapareciera?", el más citado es Internet, con un 43,8%, por delante de la televisión (31,3), la radio (14,4), periódicos (8,0) y revistas (1,7).

LENTITUD El acceso a blogs es la actividad de Internet que más se ha incrementado entre los navegantes españoles en el último año, con una subida de cuatro puntos (del 39,5% de la encuesta anterior al 43,5%), en contraste con la descarga de software, que es la que más cae.

El sondeo pone de relieve el escaso entusiasmo que ha despertado entre los españoles el desembarco en la Red de los mundos virtuales como "Second Life". Sólo el 15% de los consultados afirma que ha accedido a ellos en el último año, con lo que, según Fernando Santiago, se constata que se trata de un fenómeno "más mediático que real".

Las redes de intercambio de archivos P2P (Emule, Bittorrent...) cuentan con el apoyo de casi el 50% de los encuestados, que apuestan por promover su desarrollo, por oposición al 1,8% que dicen que "prohibirían y perseguirían legalmente esta práctica".

AIMC ha preguntado a los encuestados por las últimas cinco webs que han visitado el ránking de las 10 primeras contestaciones lo configuran, por este orden, "google.es", "live.com", "marca.com", "elpais.com", "yahoo.es", "elmundo.es", "youtube.com", "as.com", "elotrolado.net" y "terra.es".

Según el macrosondeo, los navegantes españoles consideran ya la "lentitud" de Internet un problema mayor (54,5%) que el coste (49,5%) o el peligro de los virus (43,7%). Respecto al año pasado, la preocupación por la recepción de demasiada publicidad desciende del 61,8 al 58,0%, aunque sigue percibiéndose como el principal mal de la Red.

Los tres megas se han situado como la opción dominante de velocidad entre los españoles (frenta a un mega del año pasado).

Entre los españoles crece el porcentaje de los que se conectan a través del ordenador portátil (de 51,1% al 59,9%) y la videoconsola (del 8,3 al 12,9) y se estabilizan los que usan el telefóno móvil y la PDA (en torno al 20%).

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